Until recently, standard methods have taken a probe measurement at some or all of the points on the diagram shown here. These measurements are then used to predict lean meat yield from the carcase.

However, more sophisticated machines which automatically take thousands of measurements and give a very accurate measurement of lean meat percentage within the carcase are now being introduced.

Average specification for Scottish pigs would be approximately 76kg carcase with a P2 between 7-12mm, although heavier carcases are now being marketed which would have a 90kg maximum weight with a slightly higher fat grade of up to 14 or 15mm.